Izinto eziphezulu ze-aluminium alloy: ukhetho oluguqukayo lwentshayelelo yokwakhiwa kwebhulorho

2024-04-18 09:52:59

Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwesayensi kunye nethekhnoloji kunye nokukhawuleza kokufudukela ezidolophini, iibhulorho, njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yezothutho zasezidolophini, zihlala zihlaziya kwindlela yazo kunye neendlela zokwakha. Iibhulorho zentsimbi zemveli zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yamandla abo aphezulu kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuhamba kwexesha, iingxaki ezinjengomhlwa kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokugcinwa zivela ngokuthe ngcembe. Ngokuchasene nale mvelaphi, izixhobo eziphezulu ze-aluminium ze-alloy ziye zaba yinto eguqukayo kwintsimi yokwakhiwa kwebhulorho kunye neenzuzo zabo zokusebenza ezizodwa.

Izinto eziluncedo ze-aluminium alloy materials

Izinto eziluncedo kuyilo olulula

Ubuninzi be-aluminiyam yealloyi bumalunga ne-2.7 g/cm³, emalunga ne-1/3 yentsimbi kuphela. Ithetha ntoni le propati ilula kuyilo lwebhulorho kunye nolwakhiwo? Okokuqala, izakhiwo zebhulorho ezikhaphukhaphu zinokunciphisa iimfuno zeziseko, zivumela iibhulorho ezinkulu ukuba zakhiwe kwiindawo ezineemeko zejoloji ezimbi. Okwesibini, izakhiwo ezikhaphukhaphu zinokunciphisa iindleko zokuhamba kunye nokufakwa, okubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezikude okanye kwiindawo ezinokufikelela okulinganiselwe. Ukongeza, izakhiwo ezilula zinokunceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-seismic ngexesha leenyikima kuba ubunzima obulula bunciphisa amandla angenayo phantsi kwentshukumo yenyikima.

Ukubaluleka kokuxhathisa umhlwa

Izinto ze-aluminium alloy zingenza ifilimu ye-oxide dense kwindawo yendalo. Le filimu ye-oxide inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukungena komswakama kunye ne-oksijini, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela izinto ezivela kwi-corrosion. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwebhulorho, njengoko iibhuloho zihlala zibonakaliswe kwizinto kwaye zifuna ukumelana nezinto. Xa kuthelekiswa neebhulorho zentsimbi zemveli, iibhulorho ze-aluminium alloy ayifuni unyango rhoqo lokulwa nokubola, ukunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokugcinwa kwexesha elide kunye nomsebenzi.

Indibaniselwano egqibeleleyo yeplastiki kunye nokuqhubekeka

Izinto ze-aluminiyam i-alloy zilula ukukhupha kunye nokwenza, kunye neeprofayili ezinamacandelwana ahlukeneyo ahlukeneyo anokwenziwa, okubonelela ngamathuba amaninzi oyilo lwebhulorho. Abaqulunqi banokuyila izakhiwo zebhulorho ezintle nezisebenzayo njengoko zifuneka ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezimbini zezixeko zanamhlanje zembonakalo yomhlaba kunye nokusebenza. Ukongeza, i-aluminium i-alloy welding kunye neteknoloji yokudibanisa nayo iphucula rhoqo, okwenza ukwakhiwa kweebhulorho ze-aluminium zilungele kwaye zikhawuleza.

Iipropati zoomatshini kunye nobuchwepheshe bokudibanisa kwee-alloys ze-aluminium

Ukuqwalaselwa ngokubanzi kweempawu zemishini Nangona i-alloys ye-aluminium ine-modulus e-elastic ephantsi, amandla abo athile (umlinganiselo wamandla kubuninzi) athelekiseka, okanye angcono kunentsimbi ephezulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba izakhiwo ze-aluminium alloy zingakhaphukhaphu ngelixa zithwele umthwalo ofanayo. Ngexesha elifanayo, iimpawu ze-elastic deformation ye-aluminium alloys kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo ngexesha loyilo, kwaye ukuqina kunye namandla esakhiwo kufuneka kulungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo.

Ukusungula kunye noPhuhliso lweTekhnoloji yoQhagamshelwano

I-alloys ye-Aluminiyam inokudityaniswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukudityaniswa kwe-bolted, ukudibanisa kwe-rivet kunye nokudibanisa okudibeneyo. Ukuze kuncitshiswe i-galvanic corrosion, iirivets ze-aluminium okanye iibholiti zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwizakhiwo ze-aluminium alloy. Kwangaxeshanye, ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-welding, ukusebenza kwe-welding ye-aluminium alloys kuye kwaphuculwa kakhulu. I-MIG welding (i-melting inert gas welding) kunye ne-TIG welding (i-tungsten inert gas welding) ziindlela ezimbini ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ze-aluminium alloy welding ezinokuthi zibonelele ngemigangatho ephezulu edibeneyo edibeneyo ehambelana nemigangatho ephezulu yokwakha ibhulorho.

Ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kweebhulorho ze-aluminium alloy

Amanqaku oyilo lokuSebenza okuZinzile

Amacandelo e-aluminium alloy anokubandezeleka ngenxa yokugoba kwecala kunye nokungazinzi kwe-torsional xa ephantsi kokugoba, efuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ngexesha loyilo. Ukuze kuphuculwe ukuzinza kwesakhiwo, abaqulunqi bangathatha amanyathelo ahlukeneyo, njengokongeza izixhaso ezithe tye, ukutshintsha ifom ye-cross-sectional, usebenzisa i-stiffeners, njl. kwaye uqinisekise ukhuseleko lwesakhiwo phantsi kwemithwalo eyahlukeneyo.

Imizekelo yebhulorho yealluminiyam

IHangzhou Qingchun Road Middle River Bridge yabahambi ngeenyawo

Le bhulorho isebenzisa i-aluminium alloy truss structure girder girder, kunye neyona nto ibalulekileyo yebhulorho yi-6082-T6 i-aluminium alloy. Ibhuloho ye-36.8 yeemitha ubude inobunzima beetoni ezili-11 kuphela, ebonisa iingenelo zokuyila okulula kweebhulorho ze-aluminium alloy. Uyilo lwebhulorho aluqwalaselanga kuphela ukusebenza, kodwa luqwalasela ngokupheleleyo ukuhambelana nendawo engqongileyo, ibe yindawo enhle kwisixeko.

Ibhulorho yabahambi ngeenyawo eShanghai Xujiahui

Ibhuloho ye-Shanghai Xujiahui ehamba ngeenyawo eyenzelwe yiYunivesithi yaseTongji yenziwe nge-6061-T6 i-aluminium alloy, ene-span eyodwa yeemitha ezingama-23, ububanzi beemitha ezi-6, ubunzima obufileyo be-150kN kuphela, kunye nobukhulu bomthwalo we-50t. Ukwakhiwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwale bhulorho kubonisa ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweebhulorho zealluminiyam kwizixeko zanamhlanje.

Ibhulorho yabahambi ngeenyawo iBeishi Xidan

I-aluminium alloy superstructure ye-Xidan Pedestrian Bridge e-Bei City yakhiwa yinkampani exhaswa ngemali yangaphandle, kunye neprofayili ephambili ye-aluminium alloy yi-6082-T6. Ubude obupheleleyo bexesha eliphambili yi-38.1m, ububanzi obucacileyo bomgangatho webhulorho yi-8m, kwaye ubude obupheleleyo bu-84m. Ibhulorho yayiyilwe kukhathalelwa abahambi ngeenyawo kunye nokhuseleko engqondweni. Ngelo xesha, ukusetyenziswa kwe-aluminium alloy materials kwakhona kunika ibhulorho ubomi obude benkonzo kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokugcinwa.

Ukuqukumbela

Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphezulu ze-aluminium alloy ekwakhiweni kwebhulorho akuphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kwesakhiwo kunye nokuqina kweebhuloho, kodwa kuzisa namathuba amaninzi kwi-bridge design. Ngokuqhubela phambili kwenzululwazi yezinto eziphathekayo kunye nophuhliso lobugcisa bokwakha, iibhulorho ze-aluminium alloy kulindeleke ukuba zidlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwebhulorho kwixesha elizayo kwaye ibe likhonkco elibalulekileyo elidibanisa izixeko zanamhlanje.