Ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bya aluminiyumu: guhitamo impinduramatwara yo gutangiza ikiraro

2024-04-18 09:52:59

Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryubumenyi nikoranabuhanga no kwihutisha imijyi, ibiraro, nkigice cyingenzi cyubwikorezi bwo mumijyi, bihora bishya mubikorwa byuburyo bwubaka. Ibiraro gakondo byicyuma bikoreshwa cyane kubera imbaraga nyinshi kandi bihendutse. Ariko, igihe kirenze, ibibazo nka ruswa hamwe nigiciro kinini cyo kubungabunga bigenda bigaragara. Kuruhande rwinyuma, ibikoresho byo murwego rwohejuru rwa aluminiyumu byahindutse guhitamo impinduramatwara mubijyanye no kubaka ikiraro hamwe nibikorwa byihariye bidasanzwe.

Ibyiza byibikoresho bya aluminiyumu

Ibyiza byo gushushanya byoroheje

Ubucucike bwa aluminiyumu ni hafi 2,7 g / cm³, bingana na 1/3 cy'ibyuma. Uyu mutungo woroheje usobanura iki mugushushanya ikiraro no kubaka? Mbere ya byose, inyubako yoroheje yikiraro irashobora kugabanya ibisabwa kubishingwe, bigatuma ibiraro binini byubakwa mubice bifite imiterere mibi ya geologiya. Icya kabiri, ibyubaka byoroheje birashobora kandi kugabanya ibiciro byo gutwara no kwishyiriraho, cyane cyane mubice byitaruye cyangwa ahantu hashobora kugerwaho. Byongeye kandi, inyubako zoroheje zirashobora kandi gufasha kunoza imikorere yimitingito mugihe cya nyamugigima kuko uburemere bworoshye bugabanya imbaraga zidafite imbaraga mugihe cyibikorwa bya nyamugigima.

Akamaro ko kurwanya ruswa

Ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu birashobora gukora firime yuzuye ya oxyde mubidukikije. Iyi firime ya oxyde irashobora guhagarika neza kwinjiza amazi na ogisijeni, bityo bikarinda ibintu kwangirika. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mukubaka ikiraro, kuko ibiraro bikunze guhura nibintu kandi bigomba kwihanganira ibintu. Ugereranije n’ibiraro gakondo byicyuma, ibiraro bya aluminiyumu ntibisaba kuvura kenshi kurwanya ruswa, bigabanya cyane amafaranga yo kubungabunga igihe kirekire nakazi kenshi.

Ihuriro ryiza rya plastike nibikorwa

Ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu byoroshye kubisohora no kubikora, kandi imyirondoro ifite ibice bitandukanye bigoye byambukiranya ibice bishobora gukorwa, bitanga amahirwe menshi yo gushushanya ikiraro. Abashushanya barashobora gushushanya ikiraro cyiza kandi gifatika nkuko bikenewe kugirango huzuzwe ibisabwa bibiri mumijyi igezweho kubijyanye nubutaka nibikorwa. Byongeye kandi, gusudira kwa aluminiyumu hamwe na tekinoroji yo guhuza nabyo birahora bitera imbere, bigatuma kubaka ibiraro bya aluminiyumu byoroshye kandi byihuse.

Ibikoresho bya mashini hamwe nubuhanga bwo guhuza aluminiyumu

Kuzirikana byimazeyo imiterere yubukanishi Nubwo aluminiyumu ya aluminiyumu ifite modulus yo hasi ya elastike, imbaraga zihariye (igipimo cyimbaraga nubucucike) iragereranywa, cyangwa ndetse nziza kuruta, ibyuma bikomeye. Ibi bivuze ko aluminiyumu yububiko irashobora kuba yoroshye mugihe utwaye umutwaro umwe. Muri icyo gihe, imiterere ya elastike ya elastike ya aluminiyumu igomba kwitabwaho mugihe cyo gushushanya, kandi gukomera nimbaraga zuburyo bigomba gutegurwa muburyo bwiza kugirango umutekano n'umutekano bihamye.

Guhanga udushya no Gutezimbere Ikoranabuhanga

Amavuta ya aluminiyumu arashobora guhuzwa muburyo butandukanye, harimo guhuza imiyoboro, guhuza imirongo hamwe no gusudira. Kugirango ugabanye ruswa ya galvanike, imirongo ya aluminium cyangwa bolts ikoreshwa muburyo bwa aluminiyumu. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gusudira, imikorere yo gusudira ya aluminiyumu nayo yatejwe imbere ku buryo bugaragara. MIG yo gusudira (gushonga inert yo gusudira) hamwe no gusudira TIG (tungsten inert gas welding) nuburyo bubiri bukoreshwa muburyo bwo gusudira aluminium alloy bushobora gutanga ingingo nziza zo gusudira zujuje ubuziranenge bwujuje ubuziranenge bwo kubaka ikiraro.

Imikorere ihamye ya aluminium alloy ibiraro

Igishushanyo mbonera cyibikorwa bihamye

Ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu bishobora guhura no kugunama kuruhande no guhindagurika kwa torsional mugihe bikorewe, bisaba kwitabwaho bidasanzwe mugihe cyo gushushanya. Kugirango tunonosore imiterere yimiterere, abashushanya barashobora gufata ingamba zitandukanye, nko kongeramo inkunga itambitse, guhindura imiterere yambukiranya ibice, gukoresha stiffeners, nibindi. Izi ngamba zirashobora kuzamura neza umutekano mukarere ndetse no muri rusange byikiraro cya aluminiyumu. kandi urebe neza umutekano wimiterere munsi yimizigo itandukanye.

Aluminium alloy ikiraro ingero

Umuhanda wa Hangzhou Qingchun Uruzi rwagati Ikiraro cyabanyamaguru

Iki kiraro gikoresha aluminium alloy truss imiterere yisanduku ya girder, kandi ibikoresho byingenzi byikiraro ni 6082-T6 aluminium. Ikiraro gifite uburebure bwa metero 36.8 gipima toni 11 gusa, cyerekana ibyiza byo gushushanya byoroheje ibiraro bya aluminiyumu. Igishushanyo cyikiraro ntikireba imikorere gusa, ahubwo kireba rwose guhuza ibidukikije bikikije ibidukikije, bigahinduka ahantu heza mumujyi.

Shanghai Xujiahui Ikiraro cyabanyamaguru

Ikiraro cyabanyamaguru cya Shanghai Xujiahui cyateguwe na kaminuza ya Tongji gikozwe muri aluminiyumu 6061-T6, gifite uburebure bwa metero 23, ubugari bwa metero 6, uburemere bupfuye bwa 150kN gusa, hamwe n’uburemere ntarengwa bwa 50t. Kubaka byihuse no gukoresha iki kiraro byerekana imikorere nubushobozi bwikiraro cya aluminium alloy mumijyi igezweho.

Ikiraro cya Beishi Xidan

Imiterere ya aluminium aluminiyumu yikiraro cya Xidan cyabanyamaguru mumujyi wa Bei yubatswe nisosiyete iterwa inkunga n’amahanga, kandi umwirondoro nyamukuru wa aluminium ni 6082-T6. Uburebure bwuzuye bwa span nini ni 38.1m, ubugari busobanutse bwikiraro ni 8m, naho uburebure bwa 84m. Ikiraro cyakozwe hifashishijwe ihumure ryabanyamaguru n'umutekano. Muri icyo gihe, gukoresha ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu na byo biha ikiraro igihe kirekire cyo gukora no kugiciro cyo kubungabunga.

Umwanzuro

Gukoresha ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu yo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu kubaka ikiraro ntabwo bitezimbere gusa imikorere yimiterere nigihe kirekire cyikiraro, ariko kandi bizana ibishoboka byinshi mugushushanya ikiraro. Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi bwibintu no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ryubwubatsi, ibiraro bya aluminiyumu biteganijwe ko bizagira uruhare runini mukubaka ikiraro kizaza kandi bikazaba umuhuza wingenzi uhuza imijyi igezweho.