Igenzura ryiza rya aluminiyumu ivanze no gushiramo: isesengura ryuzuye rya 6063 ya aluminium.

Kugenzura ibihimbano bya aluminiyumu nurufunguzo rwo kwemeza imikorere. Mubikorwa byo gukora 6063 ya aluminiyumu, usibye kugenzura ibikubiye mubintu byingenzi bivangwa, nkikigereranyo cya magnesium na silikoni, ibintu byanduye nkicyuma, umuringa, manganese, nibindi nabyo bigomba kugenzurwa cyane. Nubwo ibyo bintu bidafite ingaruka nke kumiterere ya alloy mubunini, iyo bimaze kurenga imipaka runaka, bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yubukanishi no kurwanya ruswa yibikoresho. Cyane cyane zinc, niba ibiyirimo birenze 0,05%, ibibara byera bizagaragara hejuru yumwirondoro nyuma ya okiside, bityo kugenzura ibirimo zinc ni ngombwa cyane.

Imiti igizwe na aluminium 6063 ya aluminiyumu ishingiye ku gipimo cya GB / T5237-93, kirimo ahanini silikoni 0.2-0,6%, magnesium 0.45-0.9% hamwe nicyuma kigera kuri 0.35%. Iyi mavuta ni ubushyuhe bushobora gukoreshwa na aluminiyumu, kandi icyiciro cyayo gikomeye ni Mg2Si. Mugihe cyo kuzimya, ingano yumuti ukomeye Mg2Si igena imbaraga zanyuma zivanze. Ubushyuhe bwa eutectic ni 595 ° C. Muri iki gihe, ibisubizo ntarengwa bya Mg2Si ni 1,85%, bikamanuka kuri 1.05% kuri 500 ° C. Ibi birerekana ko kugenzura ubushyuhe bwo kuzimya ari ingenzi ku mbaraga zivanze. Byongeye kandi, igipimo cya magnesium na silicon muri alloy gifite ingaruka zikomeye kumashanyarazi akomeye ya Mg2Si. Kugirango ubone imbaraga zikomeye cyane, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko igipimo cya Mg: Si kiri munsi ya 1.73.

Gushonga nintambwe yambere yintambwe yo kubyara inkoni nziza. Ubushyuhe bwo gushonga bwa 6063 ya aluminiyumu igomba kugenzurwa cyane hagati ya 750-760 ° C. Ubushyuhe buke cyane buzatuma habaho kubyara slag, mugihe hejuru cyane ubushyuhe buzongera ibyago byo kwinjiza hydrogène, okiside na nitriding. Amashanyarazi ya hydrogène muri aluminiyumu yuzuye azamuka cyane hejuru ya 760 ° C. Kubwibyo, kugenzura ubushyuhe bwo gushonga nurufunguzo rwo kugabanya kwinjiza hydrogène. Mubyongeyeho, guhitamo flux no gukoresha tekinoroji yo gutunganya nabyo ni ngombwa. Ibiriho ubu ku isoko ni chloride na fluoride. Izi flux zitwara byoroshye amazi. Kubwibyo, ibikoresho fatizo bigomba guhora byumye mugihe cyibyakozwe, bifunze kandi bipfunyitse kandi bibitswe neza. Gutunganya ifu ya spray ubu nuburyo nyamukuru bwo gutunganya 6063 ya aluminium. Binyuze muri ubu buryo, umukozi wo gutunganya arashobora guhura byimazeyo na aluminiyumu kugirango arusheho gukora neza. Umuvuduko wa azote ukoreshwa mugutunganya ifu ugomba kuba muke gashoboka kugirango ugabanye ibyago bya okiside no kwinjiza hydrogène.

Gukina ni intambwe yingenzi muguhitamo ubwiza bwinkoni. Ubushyuhe bukwiye bwo guterana burashobora kwirinda ko habaho inenge. Kuri 6063 ya aluminiyumu ya aluminiyumu imaze gutunganyirizwa ingano, ubushyuhe bwa casting bushobora kwiyongera kugeza kuri 720-740 ° C. Ubu bushyuhe burafasha gutembera no gukomera kwa aluminiyumu mu gihe bigabanya ibyago byo kwangiza no guhunika ibinyampeke. Mugihe cyo gukina, hagomba kwirindwa imivurungano no kuzunguruka amazi ya aluminiyumu kugirango wirinde guturika kwa firime ya okiside no kubyara ibishishwa. Mubyongeyeho, kuyungurura aluminiyumu nuburyo bwiza bwo gukuraho icyuma kitari icyuma. Hagomba kwemezwa ko hejuru yubutaka bwamazi ya aluminiyumu yakuweho mbere yo kuyungurura kugirango yungurwe neza.

Kuvura homogenisation ni inzira yingenzi yo kuvura ubushyuhe kugirango ikureho impungenge ziterwa nuburinganire bwimiti mu binyampeke. Kutabangikanya kuringaniza bizagutera gutera impungenge hamwe nuburinganire bwimiti hagati yintete. Ibi bibazo bizagira ingaruka kumajyambere yimikorere yo gukuramo, kimwe nubukanishi hamwe nuburyo bwo kuvura ibicuruzwa byanyuma. Ubuvuzi bwa homogenisation butera ikwirakwizwa rya aluminiyumu ivanze kuva ku mbibi z’ingano mu binyampeke bikomeza ubushyuhe ku bushyuhe bwinshi, bityo bikagera ku guhuza imiti mu binyampeke. Ingano yintete igira ingaruka zikomeye mugihe cyo kuvura homogenisation. Intete nziza, igihe kigufi cyo guhuza ibitsina. Mu rwego rwo kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kuvura ababana bahuje ibitsina, hashobora gufatwa ingamba nko gutunganya ingano no kunoza uburyo bwo kugenzura itanura ry’itanura.

Umusaruro wa aluminium 6063 ni inzira igoye irimo kugenzura neza ibihimbano, gushonga ubuhanga buhanitse no gutara, hamwe no gutunganya homogenisation. Mugusuzuma byimazeyo no kugenzura ibi bintu byingenzi, hashobora kubyara inkoni nziza ya aluminiyumu ya aluminiyumu, ishobora gutanga umusingi ukomeye wibikorwa byakurikiyeho. Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga no kunoza imikorere, umusaruro wa aluminiyumu uzarushaho gukora neza kandi utangiza ibidukikije, utange umusanzu munini mu iterambere ry’inganda zigezweho.