Zida za aluminiyamu zapamwamba kwambiri: kusankha kosinthika pakuyambitsa komanga mlatho
2024-04-18 09:52:59
Ndi chitukuko chofulumira cha sayansi ndi luso lamakono komanso kuwonjezereka kwa mizinda, milatho, monga gawo lofunikira la kayendedwe ka m'tawuni, nthawi zonse imapanga njira zopangira ndi zomangamanga. Milatho yachitsulo yachikhalidwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zapamwamba komanso zotsika mtengo. Komabe, m'kupita kwa nthawi, mavuto monga dzimbiri ndi ndalama zokonzekera bwino zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono. Potengera izi, zida za aluminiyamu zapamwamba zakhala chisankho chosinthira pakupanga mlatho ndi zabwino zake zapadera.
Ubwino wa aluminium alloy materials
Ubwino wa mapangidwe opepuka
Kachulukidwe ka aloyi wa aluminiyamu ndi pafupifupi 2.7 g/cm³, yomwe ndi pafupifupi 1/3 yokha yachitsulo. Kodi malo opepukawa amatanthauza chiyani pakupanga ndi kumanga mlatho? Choyamba, mapangidwe a mlatho opepuka amatha kuchepetsa zofunikira pamaziko, kulola milatho yayikulu kumangidwa m'malo omwe ali ndi mikhalidwe yoyipa. Kachiwiri, zomanga zopepuka zimathanso kuchepetsa ndalama zoyendetsera ndi kukhazikitsa, zomwe ndizofunikira makamaka kumadera akutali kapena malo omwe alibe mwayi wopeza. Kuphatikiza apo, nyumba zopepuka zingathandizenso kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a zivomezi panthawi ya zivomezi chifukwa kulemera kopepuka kumachepetsa mphamvu zopanda mphamvu pansi pa zivomezi.
Kufunika kolimbana ndi dzimbiri
Aluminiyamu aloyi zipangizo akhoza kupanga wandiweyani okusayidi filimu mu chilengedwe. Izi filimu okusayidi akhoza bwino kuletsa kulowerera kwa chinyezi ndi mpweya, potero kuteteza zakuthupi dzimbiri. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pakumanga mlatho, chifukwa milatho nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimafunikira kupirira ndi zinthu. Poyerekeza ndi milatho yachitsulo yachikhalidwe, milatho ya aluminiyamu ya aloyi safuna chithandizo chambiri chotsutsana ndi dzimbiri, kuchepetsa kwambiri ndalama zosamalira nthawi yaitali komanso ntchito.
Kuphatikiza wangwiro wa plasticity ndi processability
Aluminiyamu aloyi zipangizo n'zosavuta extrusion ndi kupanga, ndi mbiri ndi zosiyanasiyana zovuta mtanda zigawo akhoza kupanga, amene amapereka mwayi kwambiri kupanga mlatho. Okonza amatha kupanga mapangidwe okongola komanso othandiza a mlatho momwe amafunikira kuti akwaniritse zofunikira ziwiri za mizinda yamakono pamawonekedwe ndi magwiridwe antchito. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwotcherera kwa aluminium alloy ndi ukadaulo wolumikizira zimathandiziranso nthawi zonse, kupangitsa kuti kumanga milatho ya aluminiyamu ikhale yosavuta komanso yachangu.
Zida zamakina ndi ukadaulo wolumikizana ndi ma aluminiyamu aloyi
Kuganizira mozama za makina amakina Ngakhale ma aloyi a aluminiyamu ali ndi modulus yotsika yotanuka, mphamvu zawo zenizeni (chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ndi kachulukidwe) ndizofanana, kapena kuposa, chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mapangidwe a aluminiyamu alloy amatha kukhala opepuka pamene akunyamula katundu womwewo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, maonekedwe a zotanuka a aluminiyamu aloyi ayenera kuganiziridwa panthawi ya mapangidwe, ndipo kuuma ndi mphamvu zapangidwe ziyenera kupangidwa momveka bwino kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo ndi kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kake.
Kupanga Kwatsopano ndi Kukula kwa Connectivity Technologies
Ma aluminiyamu aloyi amatha kulumikizidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zolumikizira zokhotakhota, zolumikizana ndi rivet ndi kulumikizana ndi welded. Pofuna kuchepetsa galvanic corrosion, ma rivets a aluminiyamu kapena ma bolts nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma aluminiyamu aloyi. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ndi chitukuko cha luso kuwotcherera, ntchito kuwotcherera aloyi zotayidwa nawonso kwambiri bwino. kuwotcherera kwa MIG (kuwotcherera kwa inert gas) ndi kuwotcherera kwa TIG (tungsten inert gas welding) ndi njira ziwiri zowotcherera za aluminiyamu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zomwe zingapereke zolumikizira zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba yomanga mlatho.
Kuchita kokhazikika kwa milatho ya aluminiyamu alloy
Zopangira Zopangira Zokhazikika
Zigawo za aluminiyamu alloy zimatha kuvutika ndi kupindika kofananira ndi kusakhazikika kwapang'onopang'ono zikapindika, zomwe zimafunikira chidwi chapadera pakukonza. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika kwapangidwe, okonza amatha kutenga njira zosiyanasiyana, monga kuwonjezera zothandizira zopingasa, kusintha mawonekedwe a mtanda, kugwiritsa ntchito zowuma, ndi zina zotero. ndi kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha dongosolo pansi pa katundu osiyanasiyana.
Zitsanzo za mlatho wa aluminium alloy
Hangzhou Qingchun Road Middle River Pedestrian Bridge
Mlathowu umagwiritsa ntchito aluminium alloy truss structure girder, ndipo zida zazikulu za mlatho ndi 6082-T6 aluminium alloy. Mlatho wautali wa mamita 36.8 umalemera matani 11 okha, kusonyeza ubwino wa mapangidwe opepuka a milatho ya aluminiyamu alloy. Mapangidwe a mlathowo samangoganizira zogwira ntchito, komanso amaganiziranso bwino mgwirizano ndi malo ozungulira, kukhala malo okongola mumzindawu.
Shanghai Xujiahui Pedestrian Bridge
Mlatho woyenda pansi wa Shanghai Xujiahui wopangidwa ndi Yunivesite ya Tongji ndi wopangidwa ndi 6061-T6 aluminiyamu aloyi, wokhala ndi mtunda umodzi wa 23 metres, m'lifupi mwake 6 metres, kulemera kwakufa kwa 150kN kokha, komanso kulemera kwakukulu kwa 50t. Kumanga kofulumira ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mlatho umenewu kumasonyeza kuti milatho ya aluminiyamu imagwira ntchito bwino m'mizinda yamakono.
Beishi Xidan Pedestrian Bridge
Aluminium alloy superstructure ya Xidan Pedestrian Bridge ku Bei City inamangidwa ndi kampani yothandizidwa ndi mayiko akunja, ndipo mbiri yayikulu ya aluminium alloy ndi 6082-T6. Kutalika konse kwa mtunda waukulu ndi 38.1m, m'lifupi mwake m'lifupi mwake ndi 8m, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi 84m. Mlathowu udapangidwa poganizira zachitetezo cha oyenda pansi. Nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito zida za aluminiyamu aloyi kumapatsanso mlatho moyo wautali wautumiki komanso kutsika mtengo wokonza.
Mapeto
Kugwiritsa ntchito zida za aluminiyamu zapamwamba kwambiri pakumanga mlatho sikumangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito komanso kulimba kwa milatho, komanso kumabweretsanso mwayi wopanga mlatho. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi yakuthupi ndi chitukuko cha luso la zomangamanga, milatho ya aluminiyamu ya alloy ikuyembekezeka kugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pomanga mlatho wamtsogolo ndikukhala ulalo wofunikira wolumikiza mizinda yamakono.