Njikwa dị mma nke aluminom alloy smelting and casting process: nyocha zuru oke nke 6063 aluminum alloy mmeghe.

Njikwa nhazi nke aluminom alloys bụ isi ihe iji hụ na arụ ọrụ ihe. Na usoro mmepụta nke 6063 aluminum alloy, na mgbakwunye na ịchịkwa ọdịnaya nke isi ihe alloy, dị ka nha nke magnesium na silicon, ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha dị ka ígwè, ọla kọpa, manganese, wdg dịkwa mkpa ka a na-achịkwa nke ọma. Ọ bụ ezie na ihe ndị a na-enwe mmetụta dị nta na ihe onwunwe alloy na ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ, ozugbo ha gafere oke, ha ga-emetụta ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na nguzogide corrosion nke ihe ahụ. Karịsịa zinc, ọ bụrụ na ọdịnaya ya karịrị 0.05%, ntụpọ ọcha ga-apụta n'elu profaịlụ mgbe oxidation gasịrị, ya mere njikwa ọdịnaya zinc dị mkpa karịsịa.

Ngwakọta kemịkalụ nke 6063 aluminum alloy dabere na ọkọlọtọ GB/T5237-93, nke gụnyere 0.2-0.6% silicon, 0.45-0.9% magnesium na ruo 0.35% iron. Alloy a bụ ihe aluminom alloy siri ike na-ekpo ọkụ, yana isi ike ya bụ Mg2Si. N'oge usoro nkwụsịtụ, ọnụọgụ nke ngwọta siri ike Mg2Si na-ekpebi ike ikpeazụ nke alloy. Okpomọkụ eutectic bụ 595C. N'oge a, oke solubility nke Mg2Si bụ 1.85%, nke na-adaba na 1.05% na 500 ° C. Nke a na-egosi na njikwa nke quenching okpomọkụ dị oké mkpa maka ike nke alloy. Na mgbakwunye, oke nke magnesium na silicon na alloy nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na solubility siri ike nke Mg2Si. Iji nweta alloy dị elu, ọ dị mkpa iji hụ na nha nke Mg: Si erughị 1.73.

Agbaze bụ isi usoro n'imepụta mkpanaka nkedo dị oke mma. Okpomọkụ na-agbaze nke 6063 aluminum alloy kwesịrị ịchịkwa nke ọma n'etiti 750-760 Celsius. Obere okpomọkụ ga-eduga na ọgbọ nke slag inclusions, ebe oke okpomọkụ ga-abawanye ohere nke absorption hydrogen, oxidation na nitriding. Solubility nke hydrogen na aluminom mmiri mmiri na-ebili nke ọma karịa 760 Celsius. Ya mere, ịchịkwa okpomọkụ na-agbaze bụ isi ihe na-ebelata absorption hydrogen. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, nhọrọ nke mgbanwe na ntinye nke teknụzụ nchacha dịkwa oke mkpa. Mgbanwe dị ugbu a n'ahịa bụ chloride na fluoride. Mgbanwe ndị a na-amịkọrọ mmiri ngwa ngwa. Ya mere, a ghaghị idebe ihe ndị ahụ akọrọ n'oge mmepụta, mechie ya na ngwugwu ma chekwaa ya nke ọma. Nnụcha ntụ ntụ ugbu a bụ usoro bụ isi maka imezi 6063 aluminum alloy. Site na usoro a, onye na-anụcha ihe nwere ike ịkpọtụrụ ya na mmiri mmiri aluminom ka ọ dịkwuo irè. Nrụgide nitrogen nke a na-eji na-edozi ntụ ntụ kwesịrị ịdị ala dị ka o kwere mee iji belata ihe ize ndụ nke oxidation na hydrogen absorption.

Nkedo bụ nzọụkwụ dị mkpa n'ịchọpụta ogo mkpanaka nkedo. Okpomọkụ nkedo ezi uche dị na ya nwere ike ịzenarị nrụrụ nke nkedo. Maka mmiri mmiri 6063 aluminom alloy nke emerela ọgwụgwọ nchacha ọka, enwere ike ịbawanye okpomọkụ nkedo ruo 720-740°C nke ọma. Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ a na-eme ka mmiri na-asọba na mmiri siri ike nke aluminom na-ebelata ihe ize ndụ nke pores na ọka na-enweghị isi. N'oge usoro nkedo, a ga-ezere ọgba aghara na ntụgharị nke mmiri mmiri aluminom iji gbochie nkwụsị nke ihe nkiri oxide na ọgbọ nke slag inclusions. Na mgbakwunye, nzacha mmiri mmiri aluminom bụ ụzọ dị irè iji wepụ slag na-abụghị metal. Ekwesịrị ijide n'aka na a na-ewepụ scum nke mmiri mmiri aluminom tupu nzacha iji hụ na nzacha dị mma.

Ngwọta homogenization bụ usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị mkpa iji wepụ nrụgide nkedo na nhazi nke kemịkal n'ime ọka. Nkwụnyeghị nha nha ga-eduga na nkedo nrụgide na ahaghị nhata nke kemịkalụ n'etiti ọka. Nsogbu ndị a ga-emetụta ọganihu dị mma nke usoro extrusion, yana ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na n'elu ọgwụgwọ nke ngwaahịa ikpeazụ. Usoro ọgwụgwọ homogenization na-akwalite mgbasa nke ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na aluminum si na oke ọka n'ime ọka site na ịnọgide na-enwe okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ dị elu, si otú ahụ na-enweta nhazi nke ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ n'ime ọka. Ogo nke ọka nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na oge ọgwụgwọ homogenization. Nke kacha mma nke ọka, nkenke oge homogenization. Iji belata ọnụ ahịa ọgwụgwọ homogenization, enwere ike iwere usoro dị ka nhazi ọka na njikarịcha njikwa ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ.

Mmepụta nke 6063 aluminom alloy bụ usoro dị mgbagwoju anya gụnyere njikwa ihe mejupụtara nke ọma, teknụzụ mgbaze na nkedo ọkaibe, yana nhazi homogenization dị egwu. Site n'ịtụle ma na-achịkwa isi ihe ndị a nke ọma, enwere ike ịmepụta ihe nkedo nke aluminum alloy dị elu, na-enye ntọala ihe siri ike maka mmepụta profaịlụ na-esote. Site na ọganihu nke sayensị na nkà na ụzụ na njikarịcha nke usoro, mmepụta nke aluminom alloys ga-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na gburugburu ebe obibi, na-enye onyinye dị ukwuu na mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ.