Kev tswj zoo ntawm aluminium alloy smelting thiab casting txheej txheem: kev tsom xam ntawm 6063 aluminium alloy qhia.

Kev tswj hwm ntawm aluminium alloys yog tus yuam sij rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv. Hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm 6063 aluminium alloy, ntxiv rau kev tswj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloy tseem ceeb, xws li qhov piv ntawm magnesium thiab silicon, impurity ntsiab xws li hlau, tooj liab, manganese, thiab lwm yam kuj yuav tsum tau tswj nruj me ntsis. Txawm hais tias cov ntsiab lus no tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov khoom siv alloy hauv cov lej, thaum lawv dhau ib qho kev txwv, lawv yuav cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv dag zog thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm cov khoom. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zinc, yog tias nws cov ntsiab lus ntau dua 0.05%, cov pob dawb yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov profile tom qab oxidation, yog li kev tswj hwm cov ntsiab lus zinc yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb.

Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm 6063 aluminium alloy yog raws li GB / T5237-93 tus qauv, uas feem ntau suav nrog 0.2-0.6% silicon, 0.45-0.9% magnesium thiab mus txog 0.35% hlau. Cov hlau no yog cov cua sov-kho tau ua kom muaj zog aluminium alloy, thiab nws lub ntsiab ntxiv dag zog yog Mg2Si. Thaum lub sij hawm quenching txheej txheem, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tov Mg2Si txiav txim siab kawg lub zog ntawm cov hlau. Qhov kub ntawm eutectic yog 595 ° C. Lub sijhawm no, qhov siab tshaj plaws solubility ntawm Mg2Si yog 1.85%, uas poob rau 1.05% ntawm 500 ° C. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias kev tswj ntawm quenching kub yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub zog ntawm cov hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib piv ntawm magnesium rau silicon nyob rau hauv cov hlau muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau cov khoom solubility ntawm Mg2Si. Txhawm rau kom tau txais lub zog muaj zog alloy, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias qhov piv ntawm Mg: Si yog tsawg dua 1.73.

Smelting yog thawj kauj ruam hauv kev tsim cov cam khwb cia zoo. Lub melting kub ntawm 6063 txhuas alloy yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj ntawm 750-760 ° C. Qhov ntsuas kub tsawg dhau yuav ua rau cov cim ntawm slag suav nrog, thaum kub dhau heev yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hydrogen nqus, oxidation thiab nitriding. Lub solubility ntawm hydrogen hauv cov kua txhuas nce siab tshaj 760 ° C. Yog li ntawd, tswj qhov kub ntawm melting yog tus yuam sij rau txo hydrogen absorption. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev xaiv ntawm flux thiab kev siv cov tshuab refining kuj tseem ceeb heev. Cov fluxes tam sim no nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam feem ntau yog chloride thiab fluoride. Cov fluxes yooj yim nqus dej noo. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom siv raw yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom qhuav thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, kaw thiab ntim thiab khaws cia kom zoo. Hmoov tshuaj tsuag refining yog tam sim no txoj kev tseem ceeb rau refining 6063 txhuas alloy. Los ntawm txoj kev no, tus neeg sawv cev refining tuaj yeem tiv tauj nrog cov kua txhuas ua kom nws ua tau zoo. Lub siab nitrogen siv nyob rau hauv cov hmoov refining yuav tsum tsawg li sai tau kom txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm oxidation thiab hydrogen absorption.

Casting yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm cov cam khwb cia. Qhov ntsuas kub tsim nyog tuaj yeem zam qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis xws luag casting. Rau 6063 aluminium alloy kua uas tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem kho kom zoo, qhov ntsuas kub tuaj yeem tsim nyog nce mus rau 720-740 ° C. Qhov ntsuas kub no yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov dej ntws thiab khov ntawm cov kua txhuas thaum txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov pores thiab coarse nplej. Thaum lub sij hawm casting txheej txheem, turbulence thiab dov ntawm cov kua txhuas yuav tsum tau zam kom tsis txhob rupture ntawm oxide zaj duab xis thiab tiam ntawm slag inclusions. Tsis tas li ntawd, lim cov kua txhuas yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo kom tshem tawm cov slag uas tsis yog xim hlau. Nws yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov av nplaum ntawm cov kua txhuas raug tshem tawm ua ntej pom kom pom tseeb.

Homogenization kev kho mob yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho cua sov txheej txheem los tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab thiab tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg tsis sib xws hauv cov nplej. Non-equilibrium crystallization yuav ua rau kev nyuaj siab casting thiab tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov nplej. Cov teeb meem no yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua tiav ntawm cov txheej txheem extrusion, nrog rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab cov khoom siv kho qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom kawg. Txoj kev kho homogenization txhawb nqa qhov diffusion ntawm aluminium alloy cov ntsiab lus los ntawm cov ciam teb rau hauv cov nplej los ntawm kev tswj cov cua sov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, yog li ua tiav cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg hauv cov nplej. Qhov loj ntawm cov nplej muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev kho homogenization. Lub finer cov nplej, lub sij hawm luv ntawm homogenization. Yuav kom txo tau tus nqi ntawm homogenization kev kho mob, kev ntsuas xws li cov nplej refinement thiab optimization ntawm cua sov cua sov segmentation tswj yuav tsum tau.

Kev tsim khoom ntawm 6063 aluminium alloy yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj uas muaj kev tswj hwm nruj nruj, sophisticated smelting thiab casting technology, thiab tseem ceeb homogenization ua. Los ntawm kev txiav txim siab thiab tswj xyuas cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb no, cov khoom siv zoo aluminium alloy cam khwb cia rods tuaj yeem tsim tau, muab cov khoom siv hauv paus rau kev tsim khoom tom ntej. Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem, kev tsim cov aluminium alloys yuav ua tau zoo dua thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam niaj hnub no.