Aluminium alloys: ib qho kev lag luam tag nrho-rounder thiab ib tshooj tshiab hauv vuam tshuab kev taw qhia
2024-04-17 14:35:09 dr hab
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub no, aluminium alloy tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv tsis tseem ceeb hauv ntau lub teb vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb lub teeb yuag, siab zog thiab zoo corrosion kuj. Los ntawm cov dav hlau nce saum ntuj mus rau cov tsheb tsav tsheb ntawm txoj kev, los ntawm cov cuab yeej siv kho tshuab kom zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom siv hluav taws xob siv txhua hnub, aluminium alloys tau siv txhua qhov chaw, thiab lawv qhov kev thov tau loj hlob nrog kev lag luam kev lag luam booming. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yuav ua tib zoo saib qhov kev faib tawm thiab cov khoom ntawm aluminium alloys thiab qhov kev nce qib tshiab tshaj plaws hauv vuam tshuab, qhia txog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm qhov kev lag luam tag nrho.
Kev faib tawm thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm aluminium alloys
2.1 Cov secrets ntawm ntau yam aluminium alloys
Cov qib alloy ntawm aluminium alloy zoo li daim npav ID. Tom qab plaub tus lej yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw thiab cov yam ntxwv, muab ntau txoj kev xaiv rau kev lag luam sib txawv:
1XXX series: Tus neeg sawv cev ntawm ntshiab txhuas. Lub siab purity muab lawv zoo heev plasticity thiab conductivity, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov hluav taws xob thiab zaub mov industries. Lawv cov purity siab tsis tsuas yog ua kom cov purity ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis kuj ua rau lawv yooj yim dua nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj kho mob thiab kho deg.
2XXX series: Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov ntsiab lus tooj liab txhim kho qhov hardness thiab lub zog ntawm no series ntawm aluminium alloys, ua rau nws nyiam cov khoom siv dav hlau. Cov alloys ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv hnyav thiab muaj zog ua haujlwm ib puag ncig thiab yog cov khoom siv tsis tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam aerospace.
3XXX series: Kev koom ua ke ntawm manganese keeb muab cov txhuas alloy zoo tiv thaiv xeb muaj peev xwm, tso cai rau nws ua haujlwm ruaj khov hauv qhov chaw ntub dej. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsev, lub tsheb radiators thiab cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj, thiab lawv cov khoom tsis muaj xeb muab cov neeg tsim qauv xaiv ntau dua.
4XXX series: Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv silicon txhim kho cov vuam kev ua tau zoo thiab thermal stability ntawm aluminium alloy, ua rau nws yog thawj qhov kev xaiv rau vuam cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom kub-resistant. Cov alloys ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub tsheb cav, cov khoom siv tshuaj, thiab cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj, thiab lawv cov khoom siv vuam zoo tshaj plaws coj kev yooj yim rau kev tsim khoom.
5XXX series: Cov doping ntawm magnesium ua rau cov aluminium alloys zoo heev hauv corrosion kuj thiab weldability. Lawv nquag siv hauv nkoj thiab tsheb tsim khoom. Cov ntaub ntawv 'marine-qib corrosion kuj ua rau lawv nyiam nyob rau hauv kev lag luam shipbuilding, thaum tseem ua si lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb hauv tsheb lightweighting.
6XXX series: Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm magnesium thiab silicon muab cov txheej txheem ntawm aluminium alloys zoo heev thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab yog siv dav hauv kev tsim tsheb thiab rooj tog zaum. Cov alloys muaj cov khoom ua tau zoo heev thiab tuaj yeem txiav tau yooj yim, tsim thiab welded, muab cov neeg tsim qauv thiab cov kws tsim qauv nrog qhov chaw tsim dav.
7XXX series: Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm zinc coj lub zog thiab hardness ntawm aluminium alloys mus rau lawv lub ncov, tso cai rau lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam aviation thiab tub rog. Cov alloys ultra-high-strength aluminium yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev ua haujlwm siab, xws li cov dav hlau ceev ceev thiab cov khoom siv tshuab hnyav hnyav.
2.2 Cov lus ntawm aluminium alloy xwm txheej
Cov txheej txheem cim ntawm aluminium alloy zoo li cov lus zais, piav qhia txog kev kho cua sov thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm cov khoom, muab cov lus qhia meej rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev siv cov khoom siv:
F lub xeev: thawj lub xeev ua haujlwm, tsis muaj carving ntau dhau, khaws cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom, tsim nyog rau lub sijhawm uas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm tsis yog siab tshwj xeeb.
O lub xeev: mos tom qab annealing, zoo li tus me nyuam yug tshiab, nrog lub siab tshaj plaws plasticity, haum rau cov ntawv thov kev sib sib zog nqus ua, xws li khoov, ncab thiab sib sau.
W lub xeev: Ntuj kev laus tom qab kev daws teeb meem, uas yog kev hloov pauv ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab muab kev ruaj ntseg rau cov khoom siv. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau qee lub zog tab sis tsis xav ua kom tawv dhau thiab nkig.
H xeev: Lub embodiment ntawm kev ua hauj lwm hardening. Cov qib sib txawv ntawm kev kho hardening ua rau cov khoom siv ntau tus kheej thiab tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau lub zog tshwj xeeb thiab hardness, xws li precision qhov chaw thiab cov khoom siv.
T xeev: Qhov kawg zais cia ntawm kev kho cua sov, los ntawm kev tswj kom meej, nws mus txog qhov kawg ntawm cov khoom siv. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub sijhawm uas xav tau kev ua haujlwm siab heev, xws li aerospace thiab cov khoom siv tub rog.
Innovation nyob rau hauv aluminium alloy vuam technology
Aluminium alloy vuam tshuab yog tus choj txuas kev lag luam niaj hnub. Tau ntsib cov kev cov nyom xws li cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kev kub ntxhov, qhov pores thiab deformation thaum lub sij hawm aluminium alloy welding, engineers tseem tshawb nrhiav thiab tsim kho tshiab kom tau raws li cov qauv kev lag luam thiab kev ua tau zoo:
3.1 The Art of Vuam
TIG welding: Tungsten inert gas shielded vuam, nrog nws cov kev tswj xyuas lub zog thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo vuam, tau dhau los ua tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov vuam zoo. Txoj kev vuam no tuaj yeem muab lub zog ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, ua kom lub zog thiab zoo ntawm cov pob qij txha, thiab siv dav hauv kev xav tau aerospace teb.
MIG welding: Melting tsis tshua muaj roj tiv thaiv vuam, nrog nws cov peev xwm ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab hloov tau rau cov phaj tuab tuab, tau dhau los ua tus pab zoo hauv kev tsim khoom. Txoj kev vuam no ua tiav cov txheej txheem vuam nrawm thiab txuas ntxiv los ntawm kev pub mis txuas ntxiv, thiab tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom loj thiab cov kab sib txuas.
Laser vuam: Laser vuam, nrog nws lub zog siab ceev thiab zoo vuam tswj, muab ib tug zoo meej tov rau vuam ntawm precision Cheebtsam. Txoj kev vuam no tuaj yeem muab lub zog loj hauv thaj chaw me me, ua tiav cov khoom siv vuam zoo thiab ua tau zoo, thiab tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom lag luam xws li hluav taws xob thiab khoom siv kho mob.
Siv thaj chaw ntawm aluminium alloys
Daim ntawv thov ntawm txhuas alloy yog zoo li ib tug yeeb yuj daim duab, tso tawm nyob rau hauv ntau yam industrial teb:
Kev lag luam aviation: Lub teeb yuag thiab lub zog siab ntawm aluminium alloys ua rau lawv nyiam hauv kev tsim dav hlau. Los ntawm kev lag luam dav hlau mus rau cov tub rog dav hlau tua rog, aluminium alloys ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txo cov qauv hnyav, txhim kho roj efficiency thiab nce airframe zog.
Kev lag luam tsheb: Hauv kev nrhiav kev siv roj ntau dua thiab qis dua, aluminium alloys ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim tsheb. Los ntawm cov khoom xyaw rau lub cev, kev siv cov aluminium alloys pab txo lub tsheb hnyav thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb.
Kev Tsim Kho Kev Lag Luam: Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv corrosion thiab zoo nkauj ntawm aluminium alloys ua rau lawv nrov hauv kev tsim kho. Txawm hais tias siv los ua qhov rooj thiab qhov rais thav duab lossis kab hlau rhuav phab ntsa, aluminium alloys muab kev ua haujlwm ntev ntev thiab zoo nkauj zoo nkauj.
Kev lag luam hluav taws xob: Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo heev thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kub ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua rau nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Los ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm tes mus rau lub computer radiators, aluminium alloys yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm thiab kev ntseeg tau.
Xaus
Aluminium alloy occupies ib irreplaceable txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv niaj hnub kev lag luam nrog nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab dav daim ntawv thov prospects. Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm vuam thev naus laus zis, daim ntawv thov muaj peev xwm ntawm aluminium alloys yuav raug tshawb nrhiav ntxiv thiab ua tiav. Peb tos ntsoov rau aluminium alloys ci ntsa iab hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam yav tom ntej thiab pab txhawb ntxiv rau kev vam meej ntawm tib neeg lub neej.